Learning This Week: Indian Air Defence System
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What is an Air Defence System?
An air defence system is a network of sensors, weapons, and command and control structures designed to detect, track, intercept, and neutralize incoming aerial threats. These threats could include aircraft, missiles or drones.
Key components of an air defense system include:
Radar and Sensors: Detect and track aerial targets.
Command and Control Systems: Analyze the threat and decide the response.
Interceptor Missiles or Guns: Neutralize the threat by destroying or disabling it.
Electronic Warfare Tools: Jam or confuse enemy guidance systems.
India's Efforts in Air Defence
India has been developing and acquiring advanced air defence systems to strengthen its capabilities. Some key initiatives include:
1. Indigenous Development
Ballistic Missile Defense (BMD) Program: India has developed a two-tier BMD system consisting of:
Prithvi Air Defense (PAD): High-altitude interception of incoming ballistic missiles.
Advanced Air Defense (AAD): Low-altitude interception.
Akash Missile System: A medium-range surface-to-air missile (SAM) system developed by DRDO, capable of targeting aircraft up to 30 km away.
Project Kusha: This is an initiative by India's Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) to develop an indigenous long-range surface-to-air missile (LR SAM) system, officially known as the Extended Range Air Defence System (ERADS). This system aims to enhance India's air defense capabilities by providing a multi-tiered defense umbrella capable of intercepting various aerial threats at different ranges.
2. Procurement of Advanced Systems
S-400 Triumf: India is acquiring this advanced air defense system from Russia, which can detect and destroy multiple aerial threats, including stealth fighters, at ranges of up to 400 km.
NASAMS-II: India has shown interest in the National Advanced Surface-to-Air Missile System from the U.S. for multi-layered air defence in urban areas.
3. Hypersonic Defense
Research and development efforts are ongoing to counter hypersonic missiles, leveraging advanced radar systems and kinetic energy interceptors.
4. Partnerships and Collaborations
Israel: Collaboration on systems like Barak-8, a long-range surface-to-air missile system.
U.S.: Cooperation on radar and missile technology.
5. Modernization and Network-Centric Systems
India is integrating air defence assets into a centralized Air Defense Control and Reporting System to ensure faster response and coordination.
6. Drone Defense Systems
Deployment of anti-drone systems to counter UAV threats, including radar systems and directed energy weapons.
Summary
In the new age of warfare, air defence systems play a key role in defending the nation, population and strategic installations. India is making an effort to become self-reliant by investing in indigenously built systems. These developments aim to ensure a robust, multi-layered air defence system that can effectively handle both traditional and modern threats.
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